Video exercise. TED-Ed: "How pandemics spread"

Watch the video and answer the questions below. Some are multiple-choice and others are open questions for which you need to write an answer. Do your answers on paper.

Questions

1. What’s the difference between a pandemic and an epidemic?
A. They can be used interchangeably
B. A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads to multiple countries, or even worldwide
C. A pandemic is an epidemic that causes more than a thousand deaths
D. A pandemic affects multiple animal species, not just humans

2. Why are epidemics and pandemics a relatively recent phenomenon in human history?



3. Scientists have extracted from human remains which of the following infectious agents?
A. Tuberculosis bacteria from ancient Egyptian mummies
B. The bacterium responsible for the Black Death in 14th century Europe
C. The strain of smallpox virus that devastated the Aztecs in the 16th century
D. DNA from the earliest known case of Ebola virus in Sudan, 1970
E. Options B, C and D
F. Options A and B

4. How do war zones and natural disaster sites become breeding grounds for infectious diseases?



5. How many Europeans succumbed to the Black Death?
A. More than 30 million
B. 2.5 million
C. Unknown—we’re still discovering the plague burial pits

6. What happens to the influenza virus every 20-40 years, and why? What are the recent
example(s)?



7. What is antigenic shift?



8. Where did the 2003 SARS outbreak originate?
A. Malaysia
B. Hong Kong
C. Hanoi
D. a cruise ship docked in Acapulco